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给考生的建议       注意事项

分析你的文章  检 查 列 表  写 作 建 议
                 分析你的文章

对于一个作者来说,难点之一就是在其作文完成评估并经过打分之后的再次审阅。然而,成功的修改要求你细心留意文章的每一方面,并对其水平做出评价。为了有效修改你将需要尽可能客观地评估你的作文。在分析过程中有三个最重要的问题:
● 我有没有扣紧主题?
● 我有没有对其做出具有说服力的论证?
● 对句子结构和语言的运用是否有效?

我有没有扣紧主题?
在写一篇题目已给定的文章时,把注意力集中在写作本身和对题目所涉及的各个方面 进行分析是很重要的。要问问自己:
● 我是否弄懂了我要写什么?
● 这个论题要求我做的是不是不只这一件事呢?(比方说:有些题目要求你去区分去阐述,或者树立自己的立场并用论据去论证它。要搞清楚你要表达的论题的各个方面。)

我有没有对其做出具有说服力的论证?
一旦你已确定论证方法且已经圈定了文章的语句范围,你就可开始着重在话题的拓展以及论证主题的各种想法的组织上下功夫。试着问问自己:
● 我是否有大量论证论点的论据?
● 我是否对一些关键词语,观点和想法做出阐述、探讨以便使读者更好地理解我在表达的意思?
● 对主要观点的论证、阐述和澄清,我是否有列举实例、讲道理?

注意:你所表达的每一观点至少应有一个句子对其说明、阐述并解释。对一些深奥的、复杂的观点就得有相应更深、更多的论述展开。
● 我的文章是否有一个清楚、有逻辑的句型结构?是否包括开端、高潮和结尾?
● 我是否加入了一些承上启下的词语、句子和段落以使文章更有紧密感?是否运用一些过渡词和词组以便削弱差距并指出倾向角度和观点?

对句子结构和语言的运用是否有效? 
我们都听说过这句话:"问题的关键不是你要说什么;而是你怎样说。"分析你的文章时,要注意正确运用那些为了表达思想而写的句子和挑选的词语。不妨问问自己以下三个问题:
● 我在表达思想时是否运用了所有句型?(简单句、并列句、复合句、多层次复合句)是否把长句和短句结合在一起? 
● 我是否检查了句子的语法?主语和谓语是否一致?代词运用是否正确?
● 句子的标点符号用得是否正确?

注意:在修改你的文章时,懂得如何运用起强调作用的短句和用来传达深奥思想的复合句是两个很好的技巧。
● 我是否选择了最合适的词和词组来表达我的思想?
● 词语的运用是否正确?例如:文章中的词语是否用得恰如其分?是否适当起作用了?
● 在题目和正文中我是否囊括了不归则动词和同义词?我是否多次重复运用了有些词和词组?

最后但并非不重要的一点…
● 我是否正确校对了文章的拼写、标点符号和大小写?



Analyzing Your Essay

One of the most difficult tasks for a writer is to read an essay after it has been evaluated or graded. Yet, successful revision requires that you look carefully at each aspect of your writing and make judgments about its quality. In order to revise effectively you will need to evaluate as objectively as possible what you have written. The three most important questions to ask during the analyzing process are:

·Have I addressed the topic?

·Have I developed a convincing response?

·Have I used sentence structure and language effectively?

Have I addressed the topic?

When you write an essay response to an assigned topic, it is important to stay focused on the writing task and to analyze all aspects of the topic. Ask these questions:

·Do I understand what I’ve been asked to do?

·Does the topic ask me to do more than one thing? (For example, some topics ask you to identify and explain, or to take a position and support your point of view with evidence. Make sure that you address all parts of the topic.)

Have I developed a convincing response?

Once you have taken an approach to a topic and have narrowed your thesis statement, you can begin to focus on the development and organization of ideas that support your point of view. Ask these questions:

·Do I have several points that support and develop my thesis?

·Have I defined or explored key words, concepts, and ideas to give the reader a clear understanding of the points I am developing?

·Have I provided an example or reason to support, illustrate, or clarify my main points?

NOTE: Every main point that you present deserves more than one sentence to define, illustrate, or explain it. Sophisticated and complex ideas may require even more development.

·Does my essay have a clear and logical pattern of organization? Does it contain a beginning, middle, and end?

·Have I incorporated transitional words and phrases to help my sentences and paragraphs stick together? Have I used transitional words and phrases to bridge gaps and point out changes in direction or point of view?

Have I used sentence structure and language effectively?

We have all heard the expression, “It’s not just what you say; it’s how you say it.” As you analyze your essay, pay attention to the kinds of sentences you have written and the words you have selected to convey your ideas effectively. Ask these questions:

·Have I used all of the sentence types (simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex) in expressing my ideas? Do I have a combination of long and short sentences?

·Have I checked the grammar in my sentences? Do subjects and verbs agree? Is the correct pronoun used?

·Have I punctuated my sentences correctly?

NOTE: Knowing how to use a short sentence for emphasis and a complex sentence to convey a sophisticated idea are two good skills to practice as you revise your essay.

·Have I selected the most appropriate words and phrases to communicate my ideas?

·Have I used words correctly? For example, are the words affect and effect used correctly in my essay?

·Have I included strong verbs and synonyms for words in the topic or assignment? Have I repeated words and phrases too many times?

Last but not least . . .

·Did I proofread my essay for correct spelling, punctuation, and capitalization

     
 
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